海上风电 海床条件和基础.pdf

海上风电－－-海床条件和基础pdf,海上风电－－-海床条件和基础场址调查的必要性The need for site investigations基础设计Foundation design·基础可能占工程成本的20-30%Foundations may comprise up to 20-30% project cost测海学Bathymetry基础设计一地质地理学条件Foundation design- geotechnical/geophysical conditions结构流体动力载荷(海洋气象学)Hydrodynamic loading of structures(met ocean)环境影响评估Environmental impact assessment·对自然环境的影响Physical基准数据Baseline data对生物的影响Biological对社会经济和文化的影响Socio economic /culturalGARRADHASSANM Latham (1994)“没有哪个建筑项目是没有风险的,风险可以被克服、被减小、被分担、被转移或者承担,但是不能被忽视”No construction project is risk free. Risk can be managed, minimised, sharedtransferred or accepted. It cannot be ignored" M Latham(1994)在项目早期进行,计划完善的,场址调查是必须的,以确保能把由于不可预测的现场自然条件引起的潜在危险降到最低。Well planned site investigations, carried out early in the project timescale areessential to ensure the potential risks associated with the occurrence ofunexpected physical site conditions are minimisedGARRADHASSAN地质地理学的调查Geotechnical geophysical investigations分阶段的方法Phased approach资料收集研究Desk top studies地质地理初步调查Preliminary geophys survey项目初步安排Preliminary project layout现场调查计划编制SI planning现场调查On site investigation实验室测试Laboratory testingGARRADHASSAN地质/地理学的调查Geotechnical geophysical investigations资料收集研究 Desk top studies现有信息的来源 i Sources of existing inform地质地图coorica英国地质勘测British Geological Survey以前的工作Previous works建设工程crtruction works电缆/管道铺设 cable/pipeline lavin油/气勘探Oil/Gas exploration英国水文地理部门UK Hydrographic Office吃,62滤空中摄影 Aerial photograph当地信息nowledge核对及比较现有的信liN Collate and compare all existing information找出现有信息的状态0 fine the current state of knowledge找出有关现场未知的信息Highlight what is not known about the siteGARRADHASSAN地质地理学的调查Geotechnical geophysical investigations项目初步安排(基于资料收集研究)Preliminary project layout(based on desk top studies)自然限制 Physical constraints对比海床高度历史一时间序列 istorical comparison of bed levels-time history水深 later depths并网连接 Grid connection生态学限制 Ecological constraints场址初步布局 Preliminary site layout场址面积 site area3323005.7037C3.7437243.7c300C043.04-3.023650-3563可能的风机布局 possible turbine layout可能的电缆路线 likely cable routeGARRADHASSAN地质地理学的调查Geotechnical geophysical investigations现场调查计划S| planning风险与成本的对比研究 Risk ys cost首先为初步设计提供足够信息 Initially sufficient information for preliminary design一足够的数据范围 Adequate coverage数据的可靠性一选择钻孔或地震 Reliability of data- borehole ys seismic气候现场可达性一夏季为好 Weather/ accessibility- summer preferable调查步骤 Programme可选择的承包商 Contractor availabil/船只的选择 vessel choice调查的范围 Range of investigations基于资料收集研究的结果 Based on results of desk top study地质学的/地理学的 Geotechnical/ geophysical海洋气象学 MetoceanGARRADHASSAN地质/地理学的调查Geotechnical geophysical investigations现场调查一测海学On site investigations -bathymetry声纳探测Sonar survey包括风机的区域和周围区域Cover turbine area and surrounding sea在主要区域采用小间隔纵横交错的声纳探测-0010 m Closely spaced orthogonal surveyruns on main area 100 to 150 m在偏远的地区可用更大的间隔进行测量 T Surveying can be more widely spaced on moreremote areas以最低成本,覆盖大的区域Large areas covered at min补充打孔之间的区域i Fills in areas between boreholes应计划好包括打孔的位置mpmt入应与海岸加工的研究相结合 Linked intoastal processes stud地质/地理学的调查Geotechnical geophysical investigations现场调査一地理学方面On site investigations -geophysical海底剖面 Sub bottom profiler应用数字全球定位系统进行排列布置Towed array with DGPS positioning提供关于地层剖面信息Provides information on sub-bed stratigraphy基于地震剖面解释的结果Results based on interpretation of seismic profile一以最低成本,覆盖大的区域Large areas covered at minimal cost补充打孔之间的区域Fills in' areas between boreholes应计划好包括打孔的位置Should be planned to coincide with borehole locationsGARRADHASSAN