使用FastAPI和Pydantic构建可扩展的REST API

这个示例代码展示了如何使用FastAPI和Pydantic构建一个可扩展的REST API。通过将数据模型与api路由绑定，可以保证数据的正确性和可维护性。示例中使用了GET方法获取数据，POST方法创建数据，PUT方法更新数据，DELETE方法删除数据，所有请求都需要进行身份验证。

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from pydantic import BaseModel
from typing import Dict
from uuid import UUID, uuid4

app = FastAPI()

class Data(BaseModel):
    id_: UUID  # id_区分关键字id
    name: str
    value: str

    class Config:
        orm_mode = True  # 将pydantic数据模型与sqlalchemy orm模型兼容

mock_data = [
    {"id_": uuid4(), "name": "a", "value": "1"},
    {"id_": uuid4(), "name": "b", "value": "2"}
]

@app.get("/data/{id_}", response_model=Data)
async def get_data(id_: UUID):
    for data in mock_data:
        if id_ == data["id_"]:
            return data
    raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Data not found")

@app.post("/data/", response_model=Data)
async def create_data(data: Data):
    data_dict = data.dict()
    data_dict["id_"] = uuid4()
    mock_data.append(data_dict)
    return data_dict

@app.put("/data/{id_}", response_model=Data)
async def update_data(id_: UUID, data: Dict[str, str]):
    for i, item in enumerate(mock_data):
        if id_ == item["id_"]:
            mock_data[i]["value"] = data["value"]
            return mock_data[i]
    raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Data not found")

@app.delete("/data/{id_}")
async def delete_data(id_: UUID):
    for i, item in enumerate(mock_data):
        if id_ == item["id_"]:
            mock_data.pop(i)
            return {"msg": "Data deleted"}
    raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Data not found")

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