获取Windows系统当前用户的用户名和SID

该示例代码演示了如何通过Windows API获取当前用户的用户名和安全标识符（SID），涉及到较为深入的系统编程知识，需要了解Windows API相关内容。

#include <windows.h>
#include <userenv.h>
#include <sddl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Userenv.lib")

int main()
{
    HANDLE tokenHandle;
    DWORD bufferSize = 0;
    PTOKEN_USER tokenUser = NULL;
    SID_NAME_USE sidType;
    WCHAR userName[256];
    DWORD userNameSize = 256;
    WCHAR domainName[256];
    DWORD domainNameSize = 256;

    // 获取当前进程的令牌句柄
    if (!OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_QUERY, &tokenHandle)) 
    {
        printf("OpenProcessToken failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());
        return 1; 
    }

    // 获取令牌大小
    if (!GetTokenInformation(tokenHandle, TokenUser, NULL, 0, &bufferSize) && GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) 
    {
        printf("GetTokenInformation failed with error %d\n", GetLastError()); 
        CloseHandle(tokenHandle);
        return 1; 
    }

    // 分配令牌结构体内存
    tokenUser = (PTOKEN_USER)LocalAlloc(LPTR, bufferSize);

    // 获取令牌信息
    if (!GetTokenInformation(tokenHandle, TokenUser, tokenUser, bufferSize, &bufferSize)) 
    {
        printf("GetTokenInformation failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());
        LocalFree(tokenUser);
        CloseHandle(tokenHandle);
        return 1; 
    }

    // 获取用户名和域名
    if (!LookupAccountSid(NULL, tokenUser->User.Sid, userName, &userNameSize, domainName, &domainNameSize, &sidType)) 
    {
        printf("LookupAccountSid failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());
        LocalFree(tokenUser);
        CloseHandle(tokenHandle);
        return 1; 
    }

    // 获取用户SID和SDDL字符串
    WCHAR* sddlString;
    ConvertSidToStringSidW(tokenUser->User.Sid, &sddlString);

    // 打印信息
    wprintf(L"UserName: %s\nDomainName: %s\nSID: %s\n", userName, domainName, sddlString);

    // 释放内存
    LocalFree(tokenUser);
    CloseHandle(tokenHandle);
    LocalFree(sddlString);

    return 0;
}

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