macOS文件加密解密实例与技术解答

本示例演示在macOS环境下使用Python实现文件加密和解密功能，通过使用AES加密算法保护敏感数据。同时提供常见的技术解答，解决加密过程中可能遇到的问题。

# 导入必要的库
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.Random import get_random_bytes
import os

# AES加密函数
def encrypt_file(file_path, key):
    cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX)
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
        data = file.read()
        ciphertext, tag = cipher.encrypt_and_digest(data)

    # 将加密后的数据写入新文件
    with open(file_path + '.enc', 'wb') as encrypted_file:
        [encrypted_file.write(x) for x in (cipher.nonce, tag, ciphertext)]

# AES解密函数
def decrypt_file(file_path, key):
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
        nonce, tag, ciphertext = [file.read(x) for x in (16, 16, -1)]

    # 使用提供的密钥解密文件
    cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX, nonce=nonce)
    decrypted_data = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(ciphertext, tag)

    # 将解密后的数据写入新文件
    with open(file_path[:-4] + '_decrypted', 'wb') as decrypted_file:
        decrypted_file.write(decrypted_data)

# 使用示例
file_path = 'example.txt'
key = get_random_bytes(16)  # 生成16字节的随机密钥
encrypt_file(file_path, key)
decrypt_file(file_path + '.enc', key)

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