基于AES算法的文件加密示例及技术解答

本示例演示如何使用AES算法对文件进行加密和解密，保障数据安全。AES是一种对称加密算法，广泛应用于信息安全领域。

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.Random import get_random_bytes
import os

def encrypt_file(input_file, output_file, key):
    cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX)
    with open(input_file, 'rb') as f:
        plaintext = f.read()
    ciphertext, tag = cipher.encrypt_and_digest(plaintext)
    with open(output_file, 'wb') as f:
        [f.write(x) for x in (cipher.nonce, tag, ciphertext)]

def decrypt_file(input_file, output_file, key):
    with open(input_file, 'rb') as f:
        nonce, tag, ciphertext = [f.read(x) for x in (16, 16, -1)]
    cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX, nonce=nonce)
    plaintext = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(ciphertext, tag)
    with open(output_file, 'wb') as f:
        f.write(plaintext)

# 生成随机密钥
key = get_random_bytes(16)

# 加密文件
encrypt_file('plaintext.txt', 'encrypted.bin', key)

# 解密文件
decrypt_file('encrypted.bin', 'decrypted.txt', key)

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